《孫子兵法》三十六計 ( Thirty-Six Stratagems ) 乃兵傢之經典著作。語源於南北朝，成書於明清，是漢民族悠久文化遺產之一。古人學好三十六計，帶兵打勝券在握。現代人習之，在商場職場生活領域中，古為今用。而三十六計在外國也極受歡迎 …… 那麼今天就跟小編一起看看，三十六計的英文表達吧 !
Chapter 4: Chaos Stratagems
第四套：混戰計
第十九計 釜底抽薪
extracting the firewood from under the cauldron
古：不敵其力，而消其勢，兌下乾上之象。
白：就是抽薪止沸，徹底根除的意思。換句話說，當敵人勢力強大，我方無法以實力與其相對抗時，就要運用策略以削弱敵方的氣勢，進而屈服對方，出其不意的打擊對方的弱點。
英：
Take out the leading argument or asset of someone; "steal someone's thunder". This is the very essence of indirect approach: instead of attacking enemy's fighting forces, the attacks are directed against his ability to wage war.
第二十計 混水摸魚
muddling the water to catch the fish; fishing in troubled waters
古：乘其陰亂，利其弱而無主。隨，以向晦入宴息。
白：原意是指攪混池水，使魚兒昏頭轉向，然後加以捕捉。利用敵人內部混亂，失去主體性時再予以攻擊，即可以輕易擊潰對方。
Create confusion and use this confusion to further your own goals.
第二十一計 金蟬脫殼
slipping away by casting off a cloak; getting away like the cicada sloughing its skin
古：存其形，完其勢 ; 友不疑，敵不動。巽而止蠱。
白：在千鈞一發之際，設法留下偽裝的假像，以掩人耳目，然後暗中逃走，這種巧妙的脫身方法就是金蟬脫殼。
Mask yourself. Either leave one's distinctive traits behind, thus becoming inconspicuous, or masquerade as something or someone else.
This strategy is mainly used to escape from enemy of superior strength.
第二十二計 關門捉賊
catching the thief by closing / blocking his escape route
古：小敵困之。剝，不利有攸往。
白：當賊跑到屋內時，將門窗關緊，讓其無路可退，再加以捕捉，有甕中捉鱉的味道。也就是說緊緊的包圍對方予以一網打盡。
To capture your enemy, or more generally in fighting wars, to deliver the final blow to your enemy, you must plan prudently if you want to succeed. Do not rush into action. Before you "move in for the kill", first cut off your enemy's escape routes, and cut off any routes through which outside help can reach them.
第二十三計 遠交近攻
befriending the distant enemy while attacking a nearby enemy
古：形禁勢格，利從近取，害以遠隔。上火下澤。
白：照字面上的意思是說：與遠方的國傢締交聯盟，以攻擊鄰國。
It is known that nations that border each other become enemies while nations separated by distance and obstacles make better allies.
When you are the strongest in one field, your greatest threat is from the second strongest in your field, not the strongest from another field.
第二十四計 假途伐虢
attacking the enemy by passing through a common neighbor
古：兩大之間，敵脅以從，我假以勢。困，有言不信。
白：就是趁小國有危難的時候，藉著救援之名而加以並吞。
Borrow the resources of an ally to attack a common enemy. Once the enemy is defeated, use those resources to turn on the ally that lent you them in the first place.
Chapter 5: Proximate Stratagems
第五套：並戰計
第二十五計 偷梁換柱
stealing the beams and pillars and replacing them with rotten timbers
古：頻更其陣，抽其勁旅，待其自敗，而後乘之。曳其輪也。
白：就是暗中將對方的主力調換，削弱戰力的策略。和偷天換日、偷龍轉鳳的意義相同的。
Disrupt the enemy's formations, interfere with their methods of operations, change the rules in which they are used to following, go contrary to their standard training.
In this way you remove the supporting pillar, the common link that makes a group of men an effective fighting force.
第二十六計 指桑罵槐
reviling/abusing the locust tree while pointing to the mulberry
古：大凌小者，警以誘之。剛中而應，行險而順。
白：勢力強大者要使弱小者屈服，應不露痕跡，委婉的提出警告，是一種間接的指責方法。
To discipline, control, or warn others whose status or position excludes them from direct confrontation; use analogy and innuendo. Without directly naming names, those accused cannot retaliate without revealing their complicity.
第二十七計 假癡不癲
feigning madness without becoming insane
古：寧偽作不知不為，不偽作假知妄為。靜不露機，雲雷屯也。
白：便是裝成癡呆狀，讓對方消除戒心，其實內心非常的冷靜，等最佳的時機就立刻行動。
Hide behind the mask of a fool, a drunk, or a madman to create confusion about your intentions and motivations. Lure your opponent into underestimating your ability until, overconfident, he drops his guard. Then you may attack.
第二十八計 上屋抽梯
removing the ladder after the enemy has climbed up the roof
古：假之以便，唆之使前，斷其援應，陷之死地。遇毒，位不當也。
白：以利益誘使對方深入困境後，再徹底的予以消滅，不留後路。和過橋拆板和過河拆橋意思是一樣的。
With baits and deceptions, lure your enemy into treacherous terrain. Then cut off his lines of communication and avenue of escape. To save himself, he must fight both your own forces and the elements of nature.
第二十九計 樹上開花
putting artificial flowers on trees
古：借局佈勢，力小勢大。鴻漸於陸，其羽可以為儀也。
白：當己方處於劣勢的時候，隱瞞自己的實力，明明乏力卻故作很有實力的樣子，讓敵方摸不清相，以便能出奇致勝，頗有置之死地而後生的味道。
Tying silk blossoms on a dead tree gives the illusion that the tree is healthy. Through the use of artifice and disguise, make something of no value appear valuable; of no threat appear dangerous; of no use appear useful.
第三十計 反客為主
turning from the guest into the host
古：乘隙插足，扼其主機，漸之進也。
白：由被動的狀態轉為主動，進而掌握到控制權，與喧賓奪主意義相同，是以漸進的方式進行，一有機會就立刻把握住，進而掌握主導權。
Usurp leadership in a situation where you are normally subordinate. Infiltrate your target. Initially, pretend to be a guest to be accepted, but develop from inside and become the owner later.
Chapter 6: Desperate Stratagems
第六套：敗戰計
第三十一計 美人計
using seductive women to corrupt the enemy
古：兵強者，攻其將 ; 將智者，伐其情。將弱兵頹，其勢自萎。利用禦寇，順相保也。
白：兵強攻其將，將智伐其情，將弱兵頹，其勢自萎，以利禦寇，順而相保。美人計就是用美女來迷惑對方，使其耽溺於享樂，失去戰鬥的意志。
Send your enemy beautiful women to cause discord within his camp. This strategy can work on three levels.
First, the ruler becomes so enamoured with the beauty that he neglects his duties and allows his vigilance to wane.
Second, other males at court will begin to display aggressive behaviour that inflames minor differences hindering co-operation and destroying morale.
Third, other females at court, motivated by jealousy and envy, begin to plot intrigues further exacerbating the situation.
第三十二計 空城計
presenting a bold front to conceal unpreparedness
古：虛者虛之，疑中生疑。剛柔之際，奇而復奇。
白：這是一種心理戰，讓敵人心生疑慮，以為我方有埋伏，而不敢貿然出擊，以佯裝來擾亂敵人的判斷力，使其嶨動退兵而解除危機，這也是不得已的辦法，若被敵方識破的話，可能會全軍覆沒。
When the enemy is superior in numbers and your situation is such that you expect to be overrun at any moment, then drop all pretense of military preparedness, act calmly and taunt the enemy, so that the enemy will think you have a huge ambush hidden for them.
It works best by acting calm and at ease when your enemy expects you to be tense.
第三十三計 反間計
sowing discord among the enemy
古：疑中之疑。比之自內，不自失也。
白：利用間諜傳播假情報，以達到離間分化的目的。
Undermine your enemy's ability to fight by secretly causing discord between him and his friends, allies, advisors, family, commanders, soldiers, and population. While he is preoccupied settling internal disputes, his ability to attack or defend is compromised.
第三十四計 苦肉計
deceiving the enemy by torturing one's own man
古：人不自害，受害必真。假真真假，間以得行。童蒙之吉，順以巽也。
白：故意傷害自己，利用血淚換取敵人的信任，再行反間顛覆敵人。
Pretending to be injured has two possible applications. In the first, the enemy is lulled into relaxing his guard since he no longer considers you to be an immediate threat.
The second is a way of ingratiating yourself to your enemy by pretending the injury was caused by a mutual enemy.
第三十五計 連環計
coordinating one stratagem with another
古：將多兵眾，不可以敵，使其自累，以殺其勢。在師中吉，承天寵也。
白：就是計上計，先用一個計謀混淆敵人的判斷力，再以另一個計謀加以攻擊，如此計中生計，使敵人內部互相矛盾，以達到擊敗敵人的目的。
In important matters, one should use several stratagems applied simultaneously after another as in a chain of stratagems. Keep different plans operating in an overall scheme; however, in this manner if any one strategy fails, then the chain breaks and the whole scheme fails.
第三十六計 走為上計
decamping being the best; running away as the best choice
古：全師避敵。左次無咎，未失常也。
白：走為上策不是三十六計中最明智的計策，而是說當情況非常危險的時候，走到恰到好處，走到讓人覺得聰明的
If it becomes obvious that your current course of action will lead to defeat, then retreat and regroup. When your side is losing, there are only three choices remaining: surrender, compromise, or escape.
Surrender is complete defeat, compromise is half defeat, but escape is not defeat.
As long as you are not defeated, you still have a chance.This is the most famous of the stratagems,
